Which of the following actions should be taken for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?

Administering epinephrine immediately is the critical intervention for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can rapidly lead to airway constriction, swelling, and potentially cardiovascular collapse. Epinephrine is a life-saving medication that works by causing vasoconstriction, bronchodilation, and increasing heart rate, which counteracts the severe symptoms of anaphylaxis.

Prompt administration of epinephrine can stabilize the patient’s condition, reducing swelling in the airway and allowing for improved breathing. Typically, this is administered intramuscularly in the mid-anterolateral thigh (vastus lateralis muscle), and it’s essential to act quickly because the onset of anaphylaxis can be rapid and life-threatening.

Other options, such as applying heat to the affected area, encouraging oral fluids, or performing a quick assessment without treatment, are not appropriate for managing anaphylaxis. Heat application could exacerbate symptoms or delay critical intervention, oral fluids are unsafe if the airway is compromised, and merely assessing without treatment can lead to a worsening of the patient’s condition. Thus, immediate action with epinephrine is the essential and correct response in this situation.