What is the purpose of naloxone (Narcan)?

The purpose of naloxone, commonly known by the brand name Narcan, is specifically to reverse opioid overdoses. Opioids are substances that interact with the opioid receptors in the brain, leading to effects such as pain relief, sedation, and euphoria; however, they can also depress the respiratory system, potentially leading to life-threatening respiratory failure. Naloxone works as an opioid antagonist, which means it competes with opioids at their receptor sites. When administered during an opioid overdose, it quickly displaces the opioid molecules, reversing the effects of the overdose and restoring normal respiratory function.

The other options address different medical issues. Reducing blood pressure during cardiac arrest does not relate to naloxone's action, as its mechanism is not associated with blood pressure management but rather specifically with opioid receptor antagonism. Alleviating allergic reactions typically involves the use of antihistamines or epinephrine, not naloxone. Similarly, relieving anxiety would require medications aimed at anxiety disorders, rather than an opioid antagonist. Narcan's effectiveness and lifesaving potential make it an essential tool for emergency responders in cases of suspected opioid overdose.